1. FC Kaiserslautern

1. FC Kaiserslautern date their founding to 2 June 1900, when two local football clubs merged to form FC 1900. Further mergers with Palatia and Bavaria in 1909 and with Phonix in 1929 followed before the club took its present name in the early 1930s. Known as Die Roten Teufel, the Red Devils, they play in red and white on the Betzenberg, where the stadium opened in 1920 was renamed Fritz-Walter-Stadion in 1985 to mark the 65th birthday of Fritz Walter.

Kaiserslautern were German champions in 1951 and 1953 and won the Bundesliga in 1990-91 under Karl-Heinz Feldkamp. Relegated in 1996, a week before winning their second DFB-Pokal, they returned as 2. Bundesliga champions and in 1997-98 won the title under Otto Rehhagel as a newly promoted side, the only one to do so. Later decline brought a first drop to the 3. Liga in 2018; promotion followed in 2022 and a DFB-Pokal final in 2024.